Aujourdâhui jâai dĂ©cidĂ© de vous faire dĂ©couvrir quelques jolis passages couverts Ă Paris, trĂšs apprĂ©ciĂ©s des Parisiens jusquâau milieu du XIXĂš siĂšcle.
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Today I decided to help you discover a selection of some nice covered markets in Paris, very popular with Parisians in the middle of the nineteenth century.
Mais avant dâarpenter ces anciennes galeries commerciales petit dĂ©tour vers le vocabulaire des rues, des avenuesâŠ
But before strolling in those first malls, letâs see first the French road vocabulary: French words to designate streets, avenues, boulevards etcâŠ.
1 â French Road, Street and Avenue Names
Hum⊠we have many names for roads and streets in French⊠Itâs not easy to translate them â donât hesitate to make suggestions in the Disqus comment section below, thanks!
- Un chemin : path
- Une route : road
- Une rue : street
- Une ruelle : an alley, a narrow street
- Une allée : a driveway, a pathway
- Un boulevard : a broad avenue in a city
- Une avenue : wide road with trees or tall buildings on both sides, or a wide country path or road with trees on both sides
- Une impasse : dead end, cul-de-sac
- Un passage : path, small way between two streets for example
- Un sentier : trail or footpath ( more in the countryside or on the coast)
- Un périphérique : ring road, beltway
- Un cul de sac : street or lane closed at one end â dead end
- Un quai : dock
2 â What is âune Gallerieâ in French
Une gallerie, quâest-ce que câest ? Le dictionnaire dit que câest une piĂšce ou un immeuble pour montrer et vendre des oeuvres dâart.
What is a gallery? The dictionary tells us itâs a room or building meant for the displaying or sale of artworks.
3 â Parisâ Covered Markets : the Ancestor of the Malls
10h: jâai rendez-vous avec Anni, une de mes Ă©tudiantes australiennes devant lâentrĂ©e de la galerie VĂ©ro-Dodat sur la rive droite, Ă quelques centaines de mĂštres du musĂ©e du Louvres. Jâadore lâatmosphĂšre rĂ©tro de ces passages qui Ă©voque un mĂ©lange dâHistoire et de grandeur des temps anciens.
10 am: I have an appointment with Anni, one of my Australian student, at the entrance of the Galerie VĂ©ro-Dodat, on the right bank, just a few hundreds of meters from Le Louvres museum. I love the retro atmosphere of the covered markets which evoke a combination of History and past splendor.
4 â Fashionable Covered Markets
La galerie VĂ©ro-Dodat, tout comme les 150 autres passages couverts parisiens Ă©taient les premiĂšres galeries commerciales de la ville, lâĂ©quivalent de nos « Malls » dâaujourdâhui. Elles Ă©taient trĂšs en vogue lors la premiĂšre moitiĂ© du XIXĂš siĂšcle jusquâau programme dâurbanisation du Baron Haussman Ă partir de 1853.
The gallery VĂ©ro-Dodat, just like the 150 other Parisian covered passages or arcades were considered as the first malls. They were in vogue during the first half of the 19th century up to Haussmanâs urbanization programme starting in 1853.
Leur apparition résultait de la combinaison de plusieurs facteurs : le plus important était la naissance spéculation privée associée au développement du commerce et du nouveau goût des bourgeois pour la flùnerie.
Pour lâĂ©crivain français Gustave Flaubert, ces galeries reprĂ©sentaient lâĂąme de la sociĂ©tĂ© de lâĂ©poque : « vendre et acheter, le but de la vie »
Their introduction resulted from the combination of several factors: the most important was the new private speculation associated with commercial activities and the new bourgeois taste for flĂąnerie or strolling. For the French writer Gustave Flaubert, they reflected the soul of the times: âselling and buying, the goal of lifeâ.
On y trouvait des boutiques Ă©lĂ©gantes en vogue, des librairies, des salles de thĂ©Ăątre et autres sources de plaisir. Les Parisiens aimaient flĂąner sous ces arcades, sây « montrer » le week-end et sây distraire. Le soir ils venaient y danser.
There you could find elegant and in vogue boutiques, bookshops, theatres and other sources of entertainment. Parisians loved to stroll under those arcades, to be âseenâ there during the week-ends et to have fun. In the evenings they went there to dance.
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5 â Paris and Technology
CâĂ©tait Ă©galement pour les Parisiens une façon de fuir la saletĂ© des rues, la boue et la poussiĂšre de la ville car les trottoirs nâexistaient pas Ă lâĂ©poque. Les passages couverts Ă©taient un refuge qui offraient le confort des derniĂšres innovations technologiques : le premier chauffage par le sol y a Ă©tĂ© installĂ© dans le Passage des Panoramas en 1846.
It was a way for Parisians to escape from the dirtiness of the streets, from the mud and the dust of the city because sidewalks didnât exist at that time. The covered passages appeared as a shelter which offered the comfort of the latest technological innovations: the first heated floor was installed in the Passage des Panoramas in 1846.
Les premiĂšres verriĂšres et leurs structures dâabord en bois puis mĂ©talliques permettaient de mieux apprĂ©cier la lumiĂšre naturelle. LâĂ©clairage artificiel au gaz Ă©tait diffusĂ© par dâĂ©lĂ©gants lampadaires.
The first glass roofs and their first wooden and later metal structures made enable to better appreciate the natural light. The artificial lightening was spread by elegant streetlights.
6 â VĂ©ro-Dodat Gallery in Paris
Anni aime le charme et lâopulence de cette galerie de 1826 : ses boiseries, son carrelage noir et blanc, peintures de paysages, Ă©lĂ©gants Ă©clairages. A lâentrĂ©e de la galerie nous dĂ©couvrons le chausseur « haute couture » AndrĂ© Louboutin.
Anni likes very much the charm and the opulence of this gallery built in 1826: its wooden panels, black and white tiles, paintings of landscapes, elegant streetlights. At the entrance of the gallery, we discover the « haute couture » shoemaker André Louboutin.
7 â Gallery Vivienne in Paris
La galerie Vivienne date de 1826. En entrant, le regard de mon Ă©tudiante est tout de suite attirĂ© par les magnifiques mosaĂŻques inspirĂ©es de la Rome antique. Le dĂ©cor est marquĂ© par lâopulence : on y trouve des plafonds peints et des sculptures Ă la gloire du commerce.
Gallery Vivienne dates from 1826. While coming in, my student is immediately attracted by the magnificent mosaics inspired by ancient Rome. The setting is marked by opulence: there are painted ceilings and sculptures which are a tribute to trading activities.
Un peu plus loin au milieu de la galerie se trouve la coupole centrale. A cet endroit lĂ suivez mon conseil : arrĂȘtez-vous devant les caves Legrand Filles et Fils, un des plus anciens cavistes de Paris. Câest un lieu unique.
A little further in the middle of the gallery under the central dome, follow my advice: make a stop in front of the wine merchant Caves Legrand Filles et Fils, one of the oldest wine shops in Paris. This is a unique place.
Anni a dĂ©cidĂ© de faire une pause, seulement pour y goĂ»ter quelques spĂ©cialitĂ©s mais pas de vin bien sĂ»r (câest une promenade et un cours de français pas une dĂ©gustation de vins !)
Anni has decided to make a short break, only to taste some local specialties but not of course wines (itâs a walk and a French lesson not a wine tasting ! )
8 â Passage Jouffroy et Passage des Panoramas
Plus modeste que dâautres passages, les allĂ©es des passages Jouffroy, des Panoramas et Verdeau, sont aussi plus Ă©troites.
More modest than other passages, the alleys of the Jouffroy, Panoramas, and Verdeau passages are also narrower.
Le passage est cĂ©lĂšbre pour sa pendule dĂ©corĂ©e de stucs dans lâallĂ©e et pour son curieux petit hĂŽtel Chopin.
This passage is famous for its fake ornamented clock and its curious little Chopin hotel.
Pause obligĂ©e chez Le Valentin, une trĂšs bonne pĂątisserie oĂč mon Ă©tudiante admire les spĂ©cialitĂ©s.
One must stop at Le Valentin, a very good pastry shop where my student admires local specialties.
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